Bookmaking – Page 75 – Green Chair Press Blog

Books on Books: The Book as Art

My Mom lives outside Washington DC, and two years ago one of my visits coincided with an exhibit at the National Museum of Women in the Arts (NMWA) called The Book as Art: 20 Years of Artists’ Books From NMWA. It was a large and very well displayed show with a great deal of variety — from sculptural works to altered books to the more traditional looking offset and letterpress printed variety. We went to the museum toward the start of my visit, and the show provided conversation fodder for the rest of the week.
Trying to explain “artist’s book” to most people is difficult, and I’m always happy to have a good visual explanation to go along with my words. So when a friend sent me a copy of the very elegant catalog from the exhibition (available from Amazon here), I was really excited! The large color photographs are lovely, and each one has a short artist’s statement. On many occassions I’ve paged through the catalog, sometimes for inspiration and at others just for some eye candy.
The variety of structures — scrolls, pop-ups, accordions, and boxes — is probably what keeps me coming back to this book. On the left is a photo of one of the works from the show, Katherine Glover’s Green Salad. In her statement, she says the book uses a “triple Turkish map-fold structure (which) both conceals and reveals a poem nestled in the lettuce leaves.” (Instructions for folding a turkish mapfold are here.) And you can see some of the other books from the show on Amazon.

Tools: Rulers

I make a lot of models — all cut by hand — before I commit to making an edition of anything. One of the tools I couldn’t do without is my plastic quilting ruler. It’s 6″ wide, 12″ long, and lets me cut 2 edges at once. Since it’s clear plastic, I can see through to what I’m cutting underneath. That and the printed grid are really helpful when trying to center something on a page. The only drawback is that over time I’ve dug into the plastic with my X-acto knife, and the edge of the ruler isn’t as crisp as a metal ruler of the same age might be. Quilting rulers come in all sorts of sizes: 4″x 8″, 6″x 6″… I have another one that is 6″x 24″ — it can be a bit unwieldy but it comes in so handy when I need to quickly cut up a large parent sheet of paper.

This week I bought a new ruler — The Book Wizard Tool. It’s an 8-1/2″ x 11″ clear plastic ruler with an 1/8″ grid (I bought it because it’s letter paper size). But it also has pre-drilled holes for marking stab bindings, pre-cut slits for marking diagonals and scores, and a booklet with instructions for making several types of Japanese stab bound books and an accordion book. I’ve used it already and I think it’ll make a good addition to my studio.

Woven and Interlocking Book Structures

To A Friend Going Blind The most satisfying bookworks I’ve produced are my “poem books.” These contain a single poem and, most important, the structure of the book and the parts used to construct it compliment the words and content. Finding the right structure is a big challenge for me, the gestation of these books is usually long and the construction can sometimes be tricky. The book that has served as the inspiration for many of my “poem books” is Elizabeth Steiner and Claire Van Vliet’s Woven and Interlocking Book Structures. They approach bookmaking by first asking what is the best way to serve the text they are using — just the question I want to answer with my own work.
Their book includes detailed clear directions for making a variety of models, as well as
suggestions for seemingly endless variations. And they particularly tackle the problem of binding single sheets — an ever recurring issue for artist’s books. It has easy-to-follow directions, good illustrations and pictures, as well as discussions on how they developed structures to suit the content of their books. (You may know the book Van Vliet designed for the Margaret Kaufman poem “Aunt Sallie’s Lament,” a poem about quilting. The book was available in a trade edition from Chronicle Books with uniquely shaped pages that create a layered effect, mimicking the patterns of a quilt. You can see the original limited edition here)
When I first got the book, I went through it and made every model — a satisfying hands on experience. Then a friend and I made an appointment at the Mills College Library Special Collection and saw their copies of many of Van Vliet’s books — an even more satisfying hands-on adventure! To top it all off Van Vliet came and taught a weekend workshop at the San Francisco Center for the Book, where she shared tips and tricks for making the structures in her book. By that point I had designed and begun editioning “To A Friend Going Blind, “ an artist’s book with a poem by Jorie Graham and bound using Steiner and Van Vliet’s simple method of weaving single sheets together (see the pictures above). It was a thrill to have the opportunity to show her a copy and get her comments! And she was kind enough to give me suggestions for making the book more quickly and strengthening a weak point in the construction — and then she bought one for her own collection!

Lased

I’ve been wanting to design and make another pop-up book but the thought of all the hand cutting stops me dead. Then several months ago I found a place close to my home that rents time on all sorts of machinery — lathes, mills, fancy sewing machines that do embroidery, and something called a laser cutter. Book artist Julie Chen uses a laser cutter to make her intricate pop-up and layered books.
So I signed up to take a cutter class last Sunday morning. It was exhilarating and scary — the machine can cut and etch (or score) all sorts of materials, from paper to fabric to acrylic to wood. The instructor had even etched names into Triscuits! But you have to be really careful not to catch the material on fire (the scary part) since the cutting is done using heat.
I had a project in mind — a pop-up book that I had designed but set aside because it had more hand-cutting that I wanted to do. After the class I signed up to use the cutter on Tuesday morning. I figured if I signed up right away I’d both finish my project and not forget everything from the class. The instructor gave me some hints about registration (because of course what I wanted to do is covered in the ADVANCED class on using the cutter!) My plan was to print a design on paper that I would then cut into shapes, so the cuts and the design need to line up. A day and a half isn’t much time, so I pretty much worked non-stop getting prepped & ready.
I arrived at the appointed time on Tuesday morning totally over-prepared with lots of supplies and test sheets for set up and enough real printed paper for about 70 books (when I’m planning to make only about 40). And of course I didn’t need most of it. Instead, it was a rather uneventful couple of hours. It all went unbelieveably smoothly — I quickly got the machine set up and I spent the rest of the time inserting paper and watching the laser cut (took 2-3 minutes per 8-1/2″ x 11″ page). (And nothing caught fire!)

Here’s some pictures and such about my pop-up and the pieces I cut on the laser cutter. My book is called “Fall” and includes this poem by Emily Dickinson. (It’s the last in a series of books I’ve done about the seasons.)

The morns are meeker than they were,
The nuts are getting brown;
The berry’s cheek is plumper,
The rose is out of town.
The maple wears a gayer scarf,
The field a scarlet gown.
Lest I should be old-fashioned,
I’ll put a trinket on.

I wanted a pop-up that illustrated the last line — some sort of fall trinket — maybe a pop-up flower…

The picture to the left is one of my test sheets in the cutter before cutting. It cuts like a vector plotter (are those made anymore?) — the laser traces the outline of the object as if a phantom hand were drawing it. In the photo on the right, that grayish line is where the laser cut to form the petals for one part of the pop-up. The darker reddish color is the design I printed on my ink-jet. You can get a better idea from the photos below:

On the left is the petal detached from the sheet. On the right are all the pieces of the pop-up. And here’s a model of the finished piece using the laser-cut parts:

There’s more work to do… on the background graphic, letterpress printing the poem, and then it all has to be assembled. But the really time consuming hand-aching part is done!

Books on Books: Packaging It Up

On my bookshelf I have several books on paper folding. One I especially like for inspiration is Structural Packaging Design — a book of patterns for making boxes and bags and displays.

It’s one of a series, my friend Cathy has How to Fold which has patterns for making envelopes and folders and brochures. Both books come with a CD of the patterns, so you can easily resize or tweak them. Over the past couple of years I’ve made most of the patterns in Structural Packaging Design, which has quite increased my technique and understanding of folding and 3D structures.

I was reminded of Structural Packaging Design earlier this week when I stumbled on Paper Foldables, a set of free figures that you “Print. Cut. Fold. Tape.” like the sheep to the right.

Books on Books: A Book Arts Apprenticeship

When I began learning book art skills 10 years ago, I also started collecting bookish books. Not only how-to manuals but such things as exhibition catalogues, design books, even a few books of fiction that feature books or bookbinders. I thought it would be fun to go through my shelf and share my collection on my blog. I’ve already written a few book reviews — see the books on books category — but now I’m making the reviews a bit more regular.
Soon after taking my first workshop at the San Francisco Center for the Book, I knew I wanted to make book arts more than just a hobby. But after nearly 20 years in the computer industry, it was daunting to map out a mid-life change in course — should I return to school for formal training? Where? Could I really put my life on hold for a few years and return to school full time? What did I want to concentrate on — fine binding, artist’s books, the content and design of the interiors?
I’d like to report that I went about learning a new trade in an organized and logical manner. But I didn’t. Instead I made many starts and stops and detours along the way. One person who was much more linear in her approach to starting a new career is Annie Tremmel Wilcox. In her memoir, A Degree of Mastery: A Journey through Book Arts Apprenticeship (New Rivers Press, 1999), she alternates between her experience as the first woman apprentice to master bookbinder William Anthony at the University of Iowa and a lovingly detailed account of the restoration and conservation of a book she worked on. The long (5 year) apprenticeship program is rare today in the craft and trade world here in the US, but this throwback to the learning methods of an earlier time marries so perfectly with old books she learns to repair. I particularly appreciated and commiserated with Tremmel’s continual search for the right tool for each task — I’m forever devising new tools to make my editions more efficient to construct. It’s an easy read, made more interesting because it’s about a community I’m involved with and objects (books) that I care about deeply.